Joseph Deharbe (11 April 1800 at Strasbourg, Alsace – 8 November 1871 at Maria-Laach) was a French Jesuit theologian and catechist.
Life
He entered the Society of Jesus in 1817 and after teaching for eleven years at the Jesuit College at Brieg, Switzerland, he became in 1840 a missionary and catechist in Köthen, Germany. With another Jesuit by the name of Rohe, he established at
Lucerne in 1845 the academy of St. Charles Borromeo. In 1847 he left
Switzerland, which had become hostile to Jesuits.
After that he was chiefly engaged in giving missions in Germany.
Works
As a catechist in Köthen he felt the lack of a good
catechism, and was encouraged by his superior, Johann Baptist Devis, to compose one. As a model he took the
Mainz catechism of 1842 and made use also of other textbooks, notably of Bossuet's catechism. He completed his first catechism, called Katholischer Katechismus oder Lehrbegriff, in 1847.
In 1848 it appeared anonymously at Ratisbon and immediately won approval. Bishop Blum of Linsburg introduced it officially into his diocese the same year; the following year the bishops of Trier and Hildesheim did likewise for their dioceses. In 1850 the Bavarian bishops resolved to introduce a common catechism for the entire kingdom, and accepted Deharbe's catechism, which was then introduced in 1853. Other German dioceses adopted it as follows:
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Cologne, 1854
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Mainz and Paderborn, 1855
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Fulda, 1858
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Ermland, 1861
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Culm, 1863
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Gnesen-Posen, 1868
At the same time it spread outside of Germany, in Switzerland, Austria-Hungary, and the United States. It was translated in 1851 into Magyar, then into Bohemian, Italian, and French; into Swedish and Marathi, 1861; into Polish and Lithuanian, 1862; into Slovenian, 1868; into Danish, 1869; and later into Spanish and Portuguese. It was reintroduced into Bavaria in 1908. In a revised form, Austria adopted it in 1897.
Deharbe himself prepared and published at Ratisbon four extracts of his first work, titled
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Katholischer Katechismus (1847) (in English: )
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Kleiner katholischer Katechismus (1847)
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Anfangsgründe der katholichen Lehre für die kleinen Schüler (1847)
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Kleiner katholischer Katechismus (1849–50).
He preserved catechetical tradition but abandoned the division of Peter Canisius, arranging the text-matter under chapters on Faith, Commandments, and Means of Grace.
His other works, all published at Ratisbon, are:
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Die vollkommene Liebe Gottes (1855)
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Erklärung des katholischen Katechismus (4 vols., 1857-64, fifth ed., (1880-)
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Kürzeres Handbuch zum Religionsunterrichte (1865–68, sixth ed., Linden ed., 1898).
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- Attribution
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; the entry cites:
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and Sebastian Gebhard Messmer, Method of Christian Doctrine (Cincinnati, 1901);
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Jakob Linden, Der mittlere Deharbesche Katischismus (Ratisbon, 1900);
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Franz Xaver Thalhofer, Entwicklung des katholischen Katechismus in Deutschland (Freiburg, 1899);
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Hermann Rolfus and Adolf Pfister, Realencyclopädie des Erziehungs und Unterrichtswesens (Mainz, 1874), passim;
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Krieg, Katechtik (Freiburg, 1907);
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Benjamin Herder, Konversationslexicon, s. v.;
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Johannes Baier, Methodik (Würzburg, 1897).
External links
